Despite Title IX, Proving Hostility and Retaliation is Not Easy

By Robert M. Hoffman Collegiate sport should always be a “safe space” for women and men, free of hostility, harassment, abuse, and assault from the peers and coaches they trust, yet this is often not the case. For their part, educational institutions must do far more to protect student-athletes from this horrific behavior and treatment, while not continuing to “turn a blind eye” to hostile and dangerous athletic environments. At Canisius College, a small Jesuit college in Buffalo, New